Selective sweep analysis revealed 23 selective sweep regions distributed over 12 chromosomes. The genetic diversity was lower in the EUCLEG collection compared to the Chinese collections. No clear association between subgroups and maturity group was detected. Further, the EUCLEG collection was sub-structured into five subgroups that were differentiated by geographical origin. Population structure analysis revealed a clear differentiation between the EUCLEG collection and the Chinese materials. SNP calling of 477 EUCLEG accessions together with 328 Chinese soybean accessions identified 224,993 high-quality SNP markers. This work involved genotyping of 480 EUCLEG soybean accessions, including 210 improved varieties, 216 breeding lines and 54 landraces using the 355K SoySNP microarray. We have analyzed the genetic diversity within a soybean germplasm collection relevant for breeding in Europe (the EUCLEG collection), and have identified selective sweeps through a genome-wide scan comparing that collection to Chinese soybean collections. The genomic regions at which selective sweeps are detected can reveal important information about signatures of selection. Targeted and untargeted selections including domestication and breeding efforts can reduce genetic diversity in breeding germplasm and create selective sweeps in crop genomes. 3National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.2Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.1Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Melle, Belgium.Aamir Saleem 1,2, Hilde Muylle 1, Jonas Aper 1, Tom Ruttink 1, Jiao Wang 3, Deyue Yu 3 and Isabel Roldán-Ruiz 1,2*
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